Study of Dyslipidemia in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Type 2 diabetes is recognized as a major public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and health expenditures. Rapid economic development and urbanization have led to a rising burden of diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia with metabolic derangements in patients with diabetes mellitus can cause complications of which are microvascular and macrovascular complications. Dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors for ASCVD (Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease) major cause of death worldwide. Early detection of dyslipidemia is necessary to prevent the mishap. Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who came to OPD or got admitted in KR Hospital, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore. All patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria was interviewed as per proforma and a detailed clinical examination was done. The wanted blood tests, urine examination and imaging were done. The values are correlated with duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: In our study of 100 patients, the minimum age taken was 26 years and the maximum age taken was 85 years with a mean value of 57. Majority of patients were above 60 years of age. Our study had female predominance with 52% and male: female ratio of 12:13,74% patients have HbA1c level >7, Hypertriglyceridemia is more as duration of diabetes increases levels are higher in patients with higher duration of diabetes which is statistically significant (p<0.05). HDL levels are lower in patients with higher duration of diabetes which is statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results suggest high prevalence of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus study subjects, Most common pattern observed was single parameter dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is more as duration of diabetes mellitus. These lipid abnormalities might be the important in view of development of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases. Hence type 2 diabetic patient should undergo the routine monitoring of blood sugar and lipid profile.