Integrating the lean, agile, resilient, green perspectives in decision support systems: The LARG-AHP Framework

This paper introduces the LARG-AHP model, an innovative Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-based framework designed to evaluate and integrate Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green (LARG) performance in supply chains (SCs). The model addresses some key gaps in literature by offering a comprehensive decision-support tool that integrates the four LARG paradigms into a hierarchical structure, thus allowing for tackling complex, multicriteria decision-making problems in supply chain management (SCM). From an analysis of the literature, various performance indexes are proposed for each perspective, and their relative importance is evaluated using a weight system based on the frequency of usage of those indexes in literature; this ensures objectivity and replicability of the approach in diverse SC contexts. Overall, the proposed model study enriches the existing knowledge by: (i) addressing the underexplored application of multicriteria analysis for LARG evaluation, (ii) ensuring objectivity of the evaluation in diverse SC contexts, and (iii) offering practical flexibility to adapt to a wide range of optimization scenarios. An application example of the LARG-AHP, referring to a real supplier selection problem, is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.