Resilient Master Production Scheduling within the Context of Manufacturing-as-a-Service

Resiliency is the ability of a system to quickly recover from disruptions, which can lead to significant production perturbations and delays within manufacturing networks. This highlights the need to study resiliency not only at the strategic level but also at the tactical and operational levels, particularly in Make-To-Order (MTO) systems, which are inherently more susceptible to uncertainties and disruptions. As an operational level decision, Master Production Scheduling (MPS) undergoes potential disruptive events where constraints from suppliers, market demands, and production systems should be considered. In this context, Manufacturing-as-a-Service (MaaS) can be useful for mitigating supply chain risks. This research presents resilient MPS models for both proactive and reactive approaches aimed at minimizing production losses and recovery times in MTO systems, while also examining MaaS as an opportunity. By integrating empirical data with theoretical models, the results indicate that although the proactive approach incurs higher initial costs due to adjustments in the initial plan, it ultimately yields lower total costs compared to the reactive approach over the long term.