Bridging Tradition and Innovation in Training: Evaluating and Comparing Training Methods Through a Comprehensive Framework

Developing a highly competent workforce is essential for meeting the evolving demands of modern manufacturing. In this context, evaluating traditional and innovative training methods plays a critical role in enhancing the effectiveness of assembly processes. With a range of options—such as on-the-job training, classroom training and eXtended Reality solutions—it is critical to identify the most appropriate training approach for different contexts. Therefore, we performed a literature review and visited manufacturing companies to gain an overview of metrics involved in the assessment of training methods. To support this, we developed a comprehensive framework that guides the selection of such approaches. Our research identified key factors that contribute to training, which are integrated into the framework. The framework is designed to evolve alongside technological and contextual changes, allowing for ongoing adjustments as new strategies emerge or existing ones improve, such as decreasing Virtual Reality costs or personnel limitations impacting traditional training. This adaptability ensures the framework remains a reliable resource for making informed training decisions, tailored to specific needs while accounting for an ever-changing industrial landscape.