The Impact of Virtual Reality on Employee Training and Learning in Organisations: A Systematic Literature Review

This study analyses the literature on virtual reality and employee training and development in organisations, contributing to the advancement of knowledge in this area, as well as proposing a conceptual model of analysis and an agenda for future research. This is a systematic review, based on the PRISMA checklist, stratifying the different thematic groups, using the VOSviewer software, version 1.6.19, and content analysis to establish a systematised and integrated structure, registered on the INPLASY platform and based on a sample of 201 studies published and indexed in the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases between 1998 and 2025. The results show four main groups: (1) Opportunities and sectoral applications in the use of virtual reality; (2) challenges in the use of virtual reality; (3) skills developed with virtual reality; (4) integration of virtual reality into organisational strategies. A conceptual model of analysis is presented to better integrate the themes. The study provides a new and solid systematization of the literature and supports the argument that virtual reality enables the acquisition of new technical and behavioural skills and offers personalised and safe training, contributing to the achievement of organisational strategy.