Auditory Impacts and Hearing Challenges in Beta-thalassemia Major: Insights and Implications

Background: Beta-thalassemia major (BTM) is a genetic disorder requiring lifelong blood transfusions and chelation therapy, both of which are associated with sensorineural hearing loss. However, there is a lack of validated tools to assess hearing challenges specific to this population. Aim: This study seeks to assess hearing impairments in individuals with BTM using a self-reported questionnaire to investigate their auditory difficulties and the possible impact of chelation therapy on their hearing. Settings and Design: This survey study involved the development and online dissemination of a tailored questionnaire targeting individuals with BTM across the nation. Methodology: A tailored questionnaire was created and shared online with 36 participants nationwide through thalassemia organizations using Google Forms. Participants were chosen based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data analysis emphasized evaluating hearing perceptions, communication challenges, and the effects of chelation therapy. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze the data, providing insights into participant demographics and responses to the questionnaire. Results: The results showed that a substantial number of participants faced varying levels of hearing loss, struggled in noisy environments, and encountered emotional and social difficulties linked to these issues. In addition, many reported experiencing tinnitus, sensitivity to loud sounds, and fatigue after conversations, highlighting potential concerns about the long-term impact of chelation therapy on auditory health. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the necessity of regular hearing assessments for BTM patients receiving chelation therapy and stresses the need for additional research on the ototoxic effects of these treatments.