A Study on Search and Rescue of Mountain Traditional Village Landscapes Using Geographic Information System

This study aimed to conduct archival collection and search and rescue of traditional mountain village landscapes through the application of geographic information system (GIS) technology, addressing potential cultural heritage losses during natural disasters or human-induced events. Initially, on-site surveys were conducted to gather fundamental information about the geographical locations, natural environments, architectural structures, and cultural activities of traditional mountain villages. Subsequently, GIS technology was employed to spatially locate and digitize the collected data, constructing 3D landscape models of these villages. Building upon this foundation, a GIS-based search and rescue path planning algorithm was devised to enhance the efficiency of landscape archival retrieval during mountain disasters. On this basis, this study combined GIS-based terrain modeling with trust region policy optimization, an artificial intelligence reinforcement learning method, to achieve real-time search and rescue path planning in disaster scenarios. Compared with traditional path planning methods, the proposed model shows significant advantages in three typical mountain village scenarios: the average path length is shortened by 5 km (p < 0.01), the path coordinate deviation is controlled between 0.3 and 0.6 km, and the average search and rescue success rate is increased by 12.3% (p < 0.05). This integrated framework of a GIS and artificial intelligence has a significant effect on improving the efficiency and spatial accuracy of landscape archive retrieval and emergency response. In conclusion, this study not only provides novel technical means for the collection and preservation of landscape archives in traditional mountain villages but also highlights the significant application value of GIS technology in the field of search and rescue.