Addressing Development Challenges of the Emerging REEFS Wave Energy Converter

This article addresses the multifaceted challenges inherent in the development of the novel REEFS (Renewable Electric Energy From Sea) wave energy converter (WEC). Building on the submerged pressure differential principle, it frames similar WECs before focusing on REEFS that combines renewable energy generation with coastal protection, functioning as an artificial reef. The review follows chronological criteria, encompassing experimental proof-of-concept, small-scale laboratory modeling, simplified and advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, and the design of a forthcoming real-sea model deployment. Key milestones include the validation of a passive variable porosity system, demonstration of wave-to-wire energy conversion, and quantification of wave attenuation for coastal defense. Additionally, the study introduces a second patent-protected REEFS configuration, isolating internal components from seawater via an elastic enveloping membrane. Challenges related to scaling, numerical modeling, and funding are thoroughly examined. The results highlight the importance of the proof-of-concept as the keystone of the development process, underscore the relevance of mixed laboratory-computational approaches and emphasize the need for a balanced equilibrium between intellectual property safeguard and scientific publishing. The REEFS development trajectory offers interesting insights for researchers and developers navigating the complex innovation seas of emerging wave energy technologies.