THERMOPHYSIOLOGICAL INSIGHTS INTO MADALINE®-BASED MULTILAYER TEXTILES FOR MEDICAL PROTECTION

Healthcare workers often face thermal discomfort when using multilayer protective clothing, as protective barrier performance is usually prioritized over comfort. This study evaluated the thermophysiological performance of a Madaline®-based multilayer textile system developed for medical applications. The system included an outer Madaline® protective layer, two polyurethane membranes (Membrane A: 145 g/m²; Membrane B: 859 g/m²), and a quilted Nomex® Comfort liner. Thermal properties were measured according to ISO 11092, and water vapour permeability and resistance (RET) were assessed. Results showed that adding membranes increased thermal resistance compared to the outer layer alone, with Membrane B providing slightly higher conductivity and resistance than Membrane A. The addition of the quilted liner further improved insulation (up to 65.43 mK·m²/W) but reduced vapour permeability (≈21–23%) and increased RET values (14.2–15.8 Pa·m²/W), classifying both three-layer systems in the moderate comfort category. The Membrane B + liner configuration is most appropriate for high-risk environments requiring maximum insulation and barrier protection, while the Membrane A + liner system offers a more favorable balance of comfort and protection for moderate-risk or extended-wear conditions.