Cross cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Persian version of the integral nursing leadership scale

Integral leadership emphasizes the interplay between individual leadership traits, performance outcomes, and organizational culture, empowering nurses to effectively address the multifaceted challenges prevalent in modern healthcare environments. By fostering a holistic approach to leadership, integral leadership contributes to the advancement of the nursing profession and the enhancement of patient care quality. This study sought to adapt, translate, and psychometrically evaluate the Integral Nursing Leadership Scale (INLS) in Persian within the Iranian healthcare context. This study utilized a cross-sectional methodological design to recruit a sample of 620 nurses using convenience sampling. The Persian translation of the INLS was developed following the Polit and Yang approach. To assess the scale's validity and reliability, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency measures were conducted. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the four-factor structure of the Persian INLS, with 30 items accounting for 81.58% of the total variance. The model fit was excellent, with CFI, GFI, TLI, RMSEA, and SRMR values indicating a good fit. The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability, as evidenced by Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's ω estimates of 0.935 and 0.949, respectively. The findings demonstrated that the Persian version of the INLS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing integral leadership among Iranian nurses.