Predictivity Profile of Echocardiographic Indices in Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes After ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study

Background Acute coronary syndromes and ST-elevation myocardial infarction remain significant causes of global morbidity and mortality. Despite existing noninvasive risk stratification schemes, ST-elevation myocardial infarction risk prediction requires further characterization. This study aims to assess echocardiographic indices in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events post-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Aims and Objectives Investigate the Tei Index in ST-elevation myocardial infarction and assess its association with major adverse cardiovascular events and coronary lesion severity. Determine if Tei Index, E/e′, and deceleration time independently predict major adverse cardiovascular events in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods Conducted at the Department of Cardiology, at a tertiary medical facility from February 2014 to August 2015. Clinical evaluations, laboratory tests, echocardiographic examinations, and coronary angiography were performed among 400 patients. Statistical analyses provided insights into ST-elevation myocardial infarction characteristics and outcomes. Results Risk factor prevalence and demographic distribution were highlighted. Left ventricular ejection fraction, Tei Index, deceleration time, and E/e′ ratio exhibited significant associations with clinical severity. Killip class showed a positive correlation, with left ventricular ejection fraction admission (ADM) having an exceptionally high negative correlation. Tei ADM, deceleration time ADM, and E/e′ ADM also revealed significant correlations. Conclusion Tei Index, E/e′, and deceleration time are independent predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The Tei Index demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy. Routine Tei Index measurement in acute myocardial infarction patient assessments is advocated for its ease and valuable prognostic insights.