Stabilizing Discharge and Suppressing Recombination: Advancing Carbon Conversion With Nozzle‐Type Gliding Arc Discharge

ABSTRACT Plasma technology has emerged as an effective approach to accelerating CO₂ reduction and mitigating the greenhouse effect. This study optimized a nozzle‐type gliding arc reactor by adjusting electrode materials, inlet design, nozzle geometry, and current. The best setup achieved 51.67% energy efficiency and 16.36% conversion at 8 L/min CO₂. To reduce product recombination from high temperatures, biochar was used as a reductant. By refining particle size and reactor orientation, efficiency and conversion rose to 57.43% and 28.17% at 6 L/min. Results reveal a strong link between discharge behavior and CO₂ conversion, offering insights to improve plasma‐based greenhouse gas reduction.