Impact of Nutritional Status on Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Urogenital Trauma: A Retrospective Analysis

This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with urogenital trauma, focusing on the associations among nutritional status, injury severity, morbidity, and mortality. A retrospective review was performed on 53 patients under 18 years admitted between 2016 and 2022 with urogenital trauma. Data on demographics, trauma mechanisms, injured organs, outcomes, and body mass index(BMI) -based nutritional status were collected. Renal trauma (RT) was classified as severe (Grade 4–5) or non-severe (Grade 1–3) according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. Statistical analyses compared BMI groups and trauma severity with respect to morbidity and mortality. RT was found in 39.6% of patients, with gross hematuria more frequent in this group (p=0.021). Extrarenal genitourinary organ trauma(EGOT) patients required more surgical interventions (p = 0.004), while transfusion needs were higher in renal trauma(RT) patients (p = 0.001). Morbidity was significantly higher in severe RT cases (100%) than non-severe ones (5.88%) (p = 0.0008). Mortality occurred only in the RT group (p = 0.020), primarily in patients with severe head trauma. Although mortality showed significant variation by weight, especially among patients weighing 50–59 kg and 70–79 kg (p = 0.0337), BMI itself was not significantly associated with outcomes. Injury severity was the primary factor influencing morbidity, while mortality was more related to multisystem trauma rather than urogenital injury severity or nutritional status. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.