Communicative and pragmatic characteristics of phraseological substitutions in newspaper and journalistic speech (based on winged expressions from bard songs)

The purpose of this article is to provide a communicative-pragmatic characteristic of substitutions in phraseological units, the source of which were the texts of bard songs. The article considers the types of lexical substitutions when using winged expressions from bard songs, describes their linguopragmatic possibilities in newspaper and journalistic texts, and identifies the most productive models and types of transformation. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the fact that it is the first attempt at a comprehensive approach to the phenomenon of lexical substitution, as well as the identification of frequency patterns and mechanisms of lexical substitution in idiomatic expressions of authors-performers, which have not previously been the subject of scientific examination. The material for the study was socio-political publications with winged expressions from the songs of B. Okudzhava, V. Vysotsky, A. Galich, Yu. Vizbor, Yu. Kukin, O. Mityaev, and V. Berkovsky. As a result of the study, it was established that there are two main aspects of lexical substitution – qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative aspect is manifested in the lexical-semantic, phonetic, or grammatical similarity of the original and substituting components. Its main techniques and the most productive models that have developed on the basis of winged expressions from bard songs are described. It is determined that the metonymic transfer technique is popular in substitution, as well as the play with the use of proper names. The quantitative aspect is associated with identifying the volume of lexical substitution. Such types as replacement of one component, replacement of a component with a phrase, replacement of a paired component, replacement of two or more components are identified. More than twenty precedent models-phrase schemes that function in modern newspaper and journalistic speech are identified.