Hysterosalpingography: Role in Diagnosis of Female Infertility in Eastern Part of Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Infertility is a major health problem and cost of treatment is very high. In female infertility, tubal pathology is very common cause of infertility because of high prevalence of pelvic inflammatory disease. Hysterosalpingography is very old, cost effective and basic investigation for diagnosis of tubal and uterine pathology The HSG findings for infertility vary from one place to another place depending on the incidence of Tuberculosis and PID. The aim of this study was to correlate the clinical and HSG finding to know the cause of infertility. Purpose: The purpose of study is that HSG still an important baseline investigation in diagnosis of female infertility Material and Method: This prospective study was done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in collaboration with Department of Radiology. It was a prospective study from Jan 2020 to Dec 2022. Total 300 cases of female infertility registered in which HSG was done between day 7 to day 10 of the menstrual cycle. After explaining the details of procedure and its complications, informed written consent was taken. All patients were given a course of antibiotics after the procedure of HSG. HSG was done after ruling out acute pelvic inflammatory disease and abnormal uterine bleeding. Both cases of primary and secondary infertility cases were taken. All the observations of clinical data and HSG findings were entered in excel sheet and analysis was done using SPSS Results: The most common finding was tubal block. Very few patients had uterine anomalies also. Other patients have hydro-salpinx and partial tubal blockage. Irregular outline of endometrium seen. Filling defects were also seen in few patients because of space occupying lesions like fibroids. CONCLUSION: The detailed study of HSG shows that there is high cause of female infertility due to tubal pathology. This is because of pelvic inflammatory disease. Hysterosalpingography still plays an important role in the diagnosis of female infertility. It is very simple, safe and cost-effective procedure. Keywords: Female Infertility, HSG, Fallopian tube, Uterine cavity