Digital livestock farming in climate-smart agriculture: an overview to advance the SDGs

To achieve the SDGs by 2030, science-based transformations are necessary to support political interventions. Emerging digital technologies play crucial role in enhancing the resilience of livestock production systems. Digital tools in CSA-livestock farming need research to boost SDG alignment and adoption. Literature lacks depth in linking digital livestock farming to CSA goals and SDG impact. To reveal gaps and limitations and to map out the path for advancing the efficacy of scientific reviews in targeting digital livestock guide future research and policy integration. An overview and critical appraisal of scholar performance in the domain are given in an umbrella review on digital farming and climate-resilient livestock systems. Corpus analysis, SDG–CSA matrix, term co-occurrence, and review quality assessment applied. We identified gaps in methodological rigor, technological scope, and policy alignment across existing reviews. We argue for a more cohesive and systems-oriented research agenda to advance the effective integration of digital innovations into CSA&SDG frameworks. Our study contributes to strengthening the science-based justification for policy interventions targeting those Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) where progress remains insufficient, particularly in the areas of climate action and biodiversity.