Sustainable accounting and energy choices: emission impacts in BRICS+ economies 2024

This research scrutinizes the effect of sustainable accounting, renewable energy, non-renewable energy, economic growth, sustainable accounting and sustainable tourism on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) in five new emerging economies which received an invitation to join BRICS+ in January 2024 (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iran, and Ethiopia) as well as five previous BRICS economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). We utilized methods of moment’s quantile regression (MMQR) using data from 1998 to 2022. For robustness we applied Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) and Dumitrescu & Hurlin, panel causality tests. The primary findings indicated that economic growth, sustainable accounting, and sustainable tourism exert both short run and long run positive substantial effects in all quantiles. While alternative power has adverse impact in brief and positive and significant in extended period of time quantiles on GHGE in BRICS+ economies (p < 0.05). Non-renewable energy exhibits no effect on GHGE (p > 0.05) in long run quantiles and have a substantial effect in short run quantiles (p < 0.05). The study suggests that future BRICS+ members adopt measures to promote renewable energy production through the advancement of sustainable tourism and sustainable accounting.