A Systematic Review: Bibliometric and Patentometric Insights into Glutathione Peroxidase 4 Innovations in Cancer Treatment

Introduction: Bibliometrics quantitatively analyzes academic publications to evaluate trends, key studies, and scholarly impact, while patentometrics analyzes patent data to monitor innovation and commercialization. This systematic review focuses on Glutathione Peroxidase X4 (GPX4), a key regulator of oxidative stress and ferroptosis, to identify trends and innovations in cancer therapy. Method: Various research articles, reviews, and patents related to GPX4 and cancer were retrieved using databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar and WIPO PatentScope. Data analysis and visualization were performed with VOS Viewer. All documents available in the English language are included in the study. To minimize bias, two reviewers independently screened records, resolving conflicts through discussion or with a third reviewer. Result: Using the Scopus, Google Scholar database and WIPO PatentScope, 587 research publications (research articles & reviews) and 1083 patents related to GPX4 and cancer were retrieved. The study showed rapid growth in research output, with high-impact research frequently published in the Journal of Cell. China contributed the most research articles, while the USA led in patent filings. Tang, D. was the most prolific author, and Marcus Conrad received the highest number of citations. Patent filings surged notably through 2024, with Remix Therapeutics submitting the most applications, underscoring the growing commercial interest in GPX4-targeted cancer therapies. Discussion: The upward trends in publications and patents reflect increasing scientific and translational focus on GPX4. While the study highlights emerging leaders and innovations, limitations include exclusion of non-English literature and reliance on Scopus and Google Scholar, which may miss relevant works. Citations may also undervalue recent research. Conclusion: This analysis provides insights into research hotspots, influential contributors, and emerging patterns in GPX4-related cancer research. It underscores the promising scope of GPX4-based interventions, fostering innovative approaches to the revolutionize cancer treatment. Researchers and innovators can leverage these findings to accelerate advancements in this critical domain.