Cooperative Planning Model of Multi-Type Charging Stations Considering Comprehensive Satisfaction of EV Users

With the rapid advancement of the electric vehicle (EV) industry, the ownership of EVs and their charging power have increased significantly, gradually exerting a greater impact on the power grid. To meet the diverse charging needs of different EV users, the coordinated planning of fast- and slow-charging stations can reduce the influence of charging loads on the power grid while fulfilling user demands and increasing the number of EVs that can be served. This paper establishes a collaborative planning model for multi-type charging stations (CSs), considering the comprehensive satisfaction of EV users. Firstly, a comprehensive satisfaction model of multi-type EV users considering their behavioral characteristics is established to characterize the impact of fast- and slow-charging CSs on the satisfaction of different types of users. Secondly, a two-layer cooperative planning model of multi-type CSs considering comprehensive satisfaction of EV users is established to determine the location of CSs and the number of fast- and slow-charging configurations to satisfy the users’ demand for different types of charging piles. Thirdly, a solution algorithm for the two-layer planning model based on the greedy theory algorithm is proposed, which transforms the upper layer charging pile planning model into a charging pile multi-round expansion problem to speed up the model solving. Finally, the validity of the proposed models is verified through case studies, and the results show that the planning scheme obtained can take into account the user’s charging satisfaction while guaranteeing the economy, and at the same time, the scheme has a positive significance in the promotion of new energy consumption, reduction in network loss, and alleviation of traffic congestion.