Morbidity and mortality in peptic ulcer perforations-an insights from a tertiary care center in upper Assam, India

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is a severe and feared complication, presenting as an acute abdomen. While acid-reduction medications have contributed to a decline in perforated peptic ulcer cases. Although the incidence persists in a few rural regions in our North-East part of India. PPU significantly increases morbidity and mortality of patients. Early recognition can prevent mortality associated with delayed presentation. Methods: In the prospective observational study, 73 patients were evaluated. A detailed clinical history and examination were performed. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis( n, number of patients, in percentage % and p-value) Results: A significant increase in morbidity and mortality associated with age(p=0.03, p=0.001), shock (p=0.005,p=0.0001)), ASA (p=0.0001, p=0.0001), peritoneal contents (p=0.005, p=0.001), associated illnesses (p=0.03,p=0.001) and time of surgery (p=0.04,p=0.01) was observed respectively. Conclusions: The study highlights the significance of specific parameters in managing peptic ulcer perforation, which typically presents as an acute abdomen.