Private Provider and Pharmacist Engagement in Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response: A Cross-Sectional Study in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

While respondent willingness for involvement in preparedness and response is high, only a small proportion of respondents had been engaged by health authorities, revealing missed opportunities for fully leveraging private health care providers. Future policy and programmatic efforts to strengthen health security in view of more resilient mixed health systems should proactively engage private sector actors.