A comparative analysis of three distinct approaches for the management of type A1 traumatic thoracolumbar fractures: a retrospective cohort study with a minimum 6-year follow-up

For the management of type A1 thoracolumbar fractures, all three treatment methods demonstrated satisfactory clinical efficacy. After interim follow-up, similar levels of pain relief and functional improvement were observed across the three methods. Both percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and kyphoplasty with calcium sulphate particle exhibited similar efficacy in correcting kyphotic Cobb angle and restoring vertebral body height, with both being superior to conservative treatment. Notably, percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty with calcium sulphate particle exhibited a more minimally invasive profile compared with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation.