Cortisone Glaucoma at IOTA CHU: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Study

Introduction: Cortisone glaucoma is a secondary glaucoma iatrogenic open angle induced by corticosteroids administered locally or systemically for chronic conditions, most often inflammatory. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of cortisone-induced glaucoma in patients at CHU-IOTA. Patients and Methods: This was an 11-month retrospective study from December 1, 2023 to October 30, 2024 in the glaucoma subspecialty department of the CHU-IOTA. The study involved 10 patients (20 eyes) aged at least 10 years old, consenting, monitored for cortisone-induced glaucoma. Result: The majority of our patients (70%) were under 21 years old. Men were predominantly represented (80%) compared to 20% women, a sex ratio of 4. The initial eye condition that prompted the use of corticosteroids was allergic conjunctivitis in 80% and uveitis in 20%. Local corticosteroids were implicated in all of our patients and associated with general corticosteroids in only 20%. The interrogation found that the vast majority of our patients had been taking discontinuous and uncontrolled self-medication for more than 5 years. Visual function was impaired (6 of 20 eyes had visual acuity Conclusion: Cortisone-induced glaucoma is a serious condition due to the blindness it causes and its high frequency in young people.