Effects of Thai Dance-Based Aerobic Training on Gait, Balance, Muscle Strength and Sudomotor Function in People with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Background: Dance-based exercise has been shown to improve balance, glucose control, and neuromuscular function. Thai dance, which involves rhythmic and multi-directional movements, may offer a culturally appropriate and enjoyable form of aerobic exercise for older adults. This study aimed to examine the effects of a 12-week Thai Dance Aerobic Training (TDAT) program on gait, balance, muscle strength, and sudomotor function in individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: Forty-four DPN participants were allocated to either a 12-week Thai Dance Aerobic Training (TDAT) intervention or a control group receiving standard care. Gait, balance, muscle strength, and sudomotor function were assessed. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA or non-parametric equivalents, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The TDAT group showed significant improvements in resting heart rate, blood pressure, body fat percentage, blood glucose, and HbA1C, along with reduced sensory loss based on the 10-g monofilament test. Significant group × time interactions were found for gait parameters, balance, fear of falling, and sudomotor function, including hand and foot electrochemical skin conductance. Muscle strength in the knee extensors, flexors, dorsiflexors, and plantar flexors significantly improved in the TDAT group compared to controls. Conclusion: Thai dance-based training is a safe, engaging, and effective alternative exercise for improving gait, balance, muscle strength, and sudomotor function in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). These findings support the potential of Thai dance as a culturally relevant, low-impact intervention that can be integrated into diabetic care programs to help manage DPN-related complications.