Numerical analysis of three-phase lag bio-heat transfer model in lung tissue during cryosurgery

This paper provides a numerical solution of the three-phase lag (TPL) bio-heat transfer model with diverse boundary conditions for living biological tissue with non-ideal properties to predict temperature distribution and phase change interfaces within the tissue during the freezing process. The TPL model is based on the non-Fourier heat conduction law, which considers heat flux gradient, temperature gradient, and thermal displacement gradient. We utilized the explicit finite difference method to solve the TPL model, and the computed results are presented to analyze the temperature variations in lung tissue during cryosurgery. The effect of phase lag due to thermal displacement and the rate of blood perfusion were also examined to understand the temperature variation in the tissue so that an optimum freezing condition is obtained.