QoS-Aware Power Minimization for Fluid Antennas Assisted Integrated Sensing and Communication

The rapid proliferation of devices brought about by the Internet of Things (IoT) has underpinned the inclusion of sensing capabilities in wireless systems. Therefore, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is emerging as a key use case for next-generation systems. The dual functionality of ISAC systems increases interference, which multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) arrays can mitigate through spatial diversity. However, achieving substantial diversity gains with MIMO requires large antenna arrays, which could amplify the system complexity. Fluid antennas (FAs) provide an efficient alternative, delivering comparable spatial gains without the need for massive arrays, making them a promising candidate for ISAC systems. In this paper, we propose a quality-of-service (QoS) aware powerefficient transceiver design for an FA-ISAC system. We jointly design the antenna position vector, transmit beamformers, radar signal and receive combiners to meet the sensing and communication performance constraints. Our results demonstrate a 2 dB improvement compared to conventional MIMO systems.