QoS-Aware Energy-Efficient Time-Slotted Channel Hopping Scheduling Algorithm

Efficiently balancing Quality of Service (QoS) requirements with energy conservation is essential for the sustainability of Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks in industrial applications. This paper introduces a novel algorithm designed to optimize QoS and energy efficiency in Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) networks for heterogeneous IoT sensor systems. The proposed approach meets application-specific QoS requirements, such as delay and packet loss, while reducing energy consumption through a strategic duty cycle optimization technique. Implemented in MATLAB and tested in a co-simulation environment, the algorithm was evaluated across various sensor network topologies and industrial QoS scenarios aligned with the ISA SP100 standard. The results demonstrate that the algorithm supports the delay and packet loss requirements for “open-loop” and “monitoring” services in networks of 16 to 36 nodes. For larger topologies of up to 64 nodes, it meets delay requirements but slightly exceeds packet loss thresholds by an average of 0.5%. Importantly, the duty cycle reduction strategy significantly enhances energy efficiency, lowering duty cycles by approximately 80% for networks of 16 to 36 nodes and by 15% for networks with 64 nodes. This method thus provides a robust solution for ensuring QoS compliance in industrial IoT systems, balancing high performance with optimized energy usage.