Developing Leader-Follower Relationships Through Improved Communication, Functional Support, and Secure Attachment Style: A Conceptual Review

This conceptual review describes a framework for human resource development (HRD) assessments and interventions for strengthening leader-follower relationships based on their communications, functional support of each other, and attachment styles. The framework combines leader-follower exchange theory for HRD through communication processes, psychological safety, and attachment theory into three increasingly deeper tiers of possible intervention. Relationship development starts with assessment of conversations and ways to improve the leader’s and follower’s psychological safety and quality listening. Further analyses focus on ways to support their mutual affirmation and respect and avoid or overcome co-dependence, conflict, and indifference. Deeper assessment and training focus on ways to strengthen their secure attachment and address relationship anxiety or avoidance. Implications for HRD practice and research are discussed.