Multiobjective path optimization of low-carbon transportation of prefabricated components based on GIS and AHP

Based on OpenStreetMap road network data, combined with the Amap API interface and regional traffic restriction policies, a multi-criteria decision-making framework is established using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) on the ArcGIS Pro platform to generate the optimal transportation route that balances multiple objectives. The results of the case study show that the multi-objective collaborative optimization route has 5 fewer traffic lights than the single route with the lowest carbon emissions, and the proportion of expressway and highway route length to total route length is 1.54% higher than the shortest time route. Compared to the shortest bridge route, it has 61 fewer traffic lights and 60.18% lower carbon emissions. The comprehensive indicators are significantly better than those of the single-factor route planning scheme. This study provides quantitative decision support for the transportation of prefabricated components, which has theoretical value and practical significance for promoting the low-carbon transformation of the construction industry.