From policy to pedagogy: Applying infodemic governance to instructional design

This article presents a Delphi study that defines key ethical and regulatory principles underpinning Finland's national strategy for managing infodemics. Drawing on three rounds of consultation with Finnish experts from health, policy, and library sectors, the study surfaces foundational elements of national infodemic management—including transparency, accountability, inclusion, and adaptability—as well as gaps in digital equity, curricular responsiveness, and cross-sector collaboration. These expert-defined priorities are analyzed alongside the World Health Organization's Infodemic Management Agenda, which serves as a pedagogical scaffold for identifying instructional tensions in health information literacy education. Findings are further interpreted through four information diplomacy anchors: agenda-setting, persuasive framing, information dissemination, and relationship-building. The resulting framework offers a transferable model for teaching civic and strategic information engagement, especially in contexts where public trust and global communication intersect. By connecting national policy insights to classroom practice, the study contributes to emerging pedagogies for health information literacy and democratic resilience in contested information environments.