Correlates of risk of respiratory syncytial virus disease: a prospective cohort study
Few population-based studies have evaluated the importance of pre-existing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody on RSV susceptibility among children and adults. We conducted a prospective, community-based cohort study among individuals aged 6 months-50 years in Oregon and Washington State, USA (June 2022-May 2023), with weekly symptom surveys and swab collection regardless of symptoms. Swabs were tested for RSV using RT-qPCR. Enrollment sera were tested for RSV prefusion F IgG binding (all participants) and neutralizing antibodies (pediatric participants). We detected 305 RSV illnesses among 3237 participants from 1188 households. Using proportional hazards regression, higher RSV binding antibody titers were associated with a lower estimated hazard of RSV among pediatric participants (hazard ratio=0.66 per 1-unit difference in log<sub>10</sub>-RSV antibody titer; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.78). In a post-pandemic period, pre-existing RSV antibody titers were associated with a lower risk of RSV illness in children aged 6 months-17 years, which could inform vaccine development for this age group.
Authors
- Helen Y. Chu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8502-9600)
- Allison L. Naleway (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-4643)
- Peter D. Han (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-1008)
- Eric A. Hoffman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8456-9437)
- Sally B. Grindstaff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-0520)
- Ana A. Weil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-4306)
- Christina M. Lockwood (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-7604)
- Collrane Frivold (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2000-5429)
- Sarah N. Cox (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-0504)
- Natalie Lo
- Grace Marshall
- Leora R. Feldstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4430-6760)
- Cassandra Boisvert
- Alexandra Varga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-4845)
- Jeremy Stone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7565-2463)
- Charles J. Wolock (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-1102)
- Alexander L. Greninger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7443-0527)
- Shah A. Mohamed Bakhash (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-0862)
- Janet A. Englund (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1134-4178)
- Lea M. Starita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-5099)
- Erica Clark
- Jennifer L. Kuntz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0017-6853)
- Marco Carone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2106-0953)
- Richard A. Mularski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6979-2542)
- Eli A. Piliper (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9278-3907)
- Jonathan C. Reed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4425-7636)
- Tara M Babu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-4077)
- Tara L. Hatchie
- Neil Yetz
Institutions
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research (US)
- Brotman Baty Institute (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2025-09-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-63434-x
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.06
Funders
- Kaiser Permanente
- Vanderbilt University
- University of Washington
- Seattle Children's Research Institute
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention