H. E. Kyburg Against the Heterodox Schools of Economics on the Issue of the Mathematical Lattice Structure Represented in Keynes’s Diagram on p.39 of his Treatise (1921): it had nothing to do with Ordinal Probability

H.E. Kyburg correctly analyzed Keynes’s page 39 illustration in a diagram presented in chapter III after having read pp.22-34 of Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability. These pages involved discussions by Keynes of some applications of interval probability to conduct. Kyburg carefully analyzed Keynes’s analysis on pp.34-40, showing that Keynes was describing a mathematical lattice structure consisting of interval probability. The Heterodox economists, on the other hand, did not read what Keynes had written, but, instead, decided to “interpret” Keynes through the foggy bifocals of F P Ramsey’s confused and confusing 1922 and 1926 reviews, where Ramsey claimed that Keynes’s “mysterious non numerical probabilities “were scientifically useless, ordinal probabilities. The following list provides a short list of the main heterodox economists advocating such an ordinal “interpretation”. The rest of the members of all heterodox schools, who were working on Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability, also all came to the same confused and confusing conclusion- that Keynes’s theory of logical probability was an ordinal theory [1-11].