AVALIANDO A EFICÁCIA DOS AGENTES ESTIMULADORES DA ERITROPOETINA NO TRATAMENTO DA ANEMIA EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in the treatment of anemia in cancer patients. Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone primarily produced by the kidneys and is essential for the regulation of erythropoiesis. Advances in genetic engineering have enabled the synthesis of its recombinant form, facilitating its therapeutic application. Cancer-associated anemia is a common condition resulting from a combinationof factors such as chronic inflammation,alterations in erythrocyte production, and iron deficiency, leading to a significant reduction in hemoglobin levels. This condition contributes to a decline in patients’ quality of life, causing fatigue, weakness, decreased functional capacity, and negatively impacting oncological treatment. Researches indicate that ESAs are effective in improving hemoglobin levels and patients’ quality of life when used within established clinical parameters. However, their use requires caution due to potential adverse effects, necessitating rigorous monitoring, dose adjustments, and, in some cases, combination with iron supplementation or blood transfusion. It is concluded that although promising, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents demand judicious use and further studies to fully understand their long-term safety and efficacy.