Development and validation of a scale for sustainable practices and their performance effects in logistics centres

This study develops a validated multi-dimensional sustainability assessment scale tailored for logistics centres, addressing a critical gap in existing sustainability measurement frameworks. Traditional models often focus solely on environmental factors, neglecting sector-specific challenges such as intermodal transport efficiency, operational resilience, and logistics infrastructure adaptability. To bridge this gap, this study introduces a novel scale integrating economic, social, and environmental dimensions. Based on insights from 535 supply chain professionals in Turkey and aligned with international sustainability standards, the scale’s validity and reliability were confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, resulting in a robust six-dimensional framework. Unlike conventional approaches, this study embeds industry-specific performance indicators into sustainability assessment, ensuring its practical applicability across diverse logistics operations. The proposed tool enables logistics firms and policymakers to systematically measure sustainability performance, identify inefficiencies, and implement targeted improvements. By providing a standardized yet adaptable framework, this research enhances the strategic assessment of sustainability in logistics centres, addressing a major research gap. The findings contribute to both academic literature and industry practices by offering a comprehensive and scalable approach to sustainability measurement, fostering resilience and competitiveness in an evolving global trade environment.