Assessment and optimization of noise total emission in the city of Belgrade, Serbia

Road traffic, aircraft, waste trucks, construction equipment, and industrial facilities are just a few important noise sources that pollute the environment and affect human health. Considering that noise pollution is increasing due to urbanization and more traffic vehicles on roads, solving this problem is necessary. Optimization of total noise emissions in Belgrade (Serbia) was done since noise has always been a source of pollution. This paper presents the use of GIS to establish a multi-factor assessment model to divide infected grids and select control sites, along with the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method, IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting) interpolation technique, zonal GIS (Geographic Information System) statistics, and noise optimization in the investigated area. The analysis was based on noise data recorded (Lden - the average noise level over a 24-hour period) values in spring and autumn measuring cycles at 34 measuring points in 11 Belgrade municipalities in 2023. The results showed that noise emission in some control sites requires more than 25% reduction. The improvement of the environment is required to control the background of noise pollution in Belgrade.