Perceptions of Robotic Inspections for Confined Spaces in Lean Construction: a Qualitative Study

This qualitative study investigates industry professionals' perceptions of robotic inspections for confined spaces within the framework of Lean Construction 4.0 with a focus on facility maintenance.Confined space inspections are crucial for safety and asset integrity but are often associated with risks, inefficiencies, and high costs.Robotic inspections offer a potential solution, aligning with Lean Construction 4.0 principles that integrates lean principles such as eliminating waste, respect for people, along with technology as a means to an end.Through a focus group with ten experienced facility maintenance professionals, the study explored current practices, challenges, expectations, and hesitations regarding robotic inspections.Findings revealed that while participants recognized the potential of robots to enhance safety, accessibility, and data quality, they also expressed concerns about sensor reliability, data security, cost, and integration with existing workflows.These concerns resonate with previously identified barriers to sensor adoption in construction.The study highlights the need for human-centered design, robust and reliable technology, and seamless integration to successfully implement robotic inspections.Future research should focus on addressing these technological and human factors to advance Lean Construction 4.0 goals and realize the full potential of robotic inspections in creating safer, more efficient confined space inspection processes.