Engineering a Stable Solid–Electrolyte Interphase through a Novel Trifluoromethyl‐Free Lithium Salt for Lithium Metal Polymer Batteries

The deployment of safe and high‐energy density lithium metal polymer batteries (LMPBs) still requires further advances in the quest for new solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). In this regard, salt anions have a decisive role in the overall SPE performance. While lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) was chosen earlier to have a highly flexible sulfonimide center and an extensively delocalized negative charge, it still suffers from several drawbacks ascribed to its poor interfacial compatibility with the lithium metal (LiM) anode and the fact that it is a PFAS. In this work, a novel lithium salt is cunningly designed, aiming to combine the advantages of previously reported lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and lithium bis(difluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFSI) to overcome the limitations of the state‐of‐the‐art SPE based on LiTFSI/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The SPE containing the developed (difluoromethanesulfonyl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiDFFSI) salt presented reduced interfacial resistance and improved compatibility with the lithium metal (LiM) anode compared with LiTFSI/PEO, enabled by the formation of a stable, uniform, and ionically conductive solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI). In addition, LiDFFSI‐based SPEs demonstrated a prolonged cycling stability, achieving over 125 cycles at C/10 with minimal capacity fading in LiM||LiFePO 4 cell configuration. These findings evidence how a rational design of the lithium salt chemistry allows tuning the formed SEI, directly impacting the overall SPE performance. Thus, LiDFFSI is presented as a promising alternative lithium salt to improve electrochemical performance and interfacial stability in next‐generation LiM batteries.

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Publication Details

Journal
Energy & environment materials
Published
2025-09-25
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.70143
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Advancements in Battery Materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.73

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article

Engineering a Stable Solid–Electrolyte Interphase through a Novel Trifluoromethyl‐Free Lithium Salt for Lithium Metal Polymer Batteries

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Energy & environment materials
Advancements in Battery Materials
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article

Engineering a Stable Solid–Electrolyte Interphase through a Novel Trifluoromethyl‐Free Lithium Salt for Lithium Metal Polymer Batteries

Julen Etxabe, Mikel Arrese‐Igor, David Fraile‐Insagurbe, Rosalía Cid, Michel B. Armand, Leire Meabe, Itziar Aldalur, María Martínez‐Ibáñez, Lorena García, Izaskun Serna
article en
1 citations

Abstract

The deployment of safe and high‐energy density lithium metal polymer batteries (LMPBs) still requires further advances in the quest for new solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). In this regard, salt anions have a decisive role in the overall SPE performance. While lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) was chosen earlier to have a highly flexible sulfonimide center and an extensively delocalized negative charge, it still suffers from several drawbacks ascribed to its poor interfacial compatibility with the lithium metal (LiM) anode and the fact that it is a PFAS. In this work, a novel lithium salt is cunningly designed, aiming to combine the advantages of previously reported lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and lithium bis(difluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFSI) to overcome the limitations of the state‐of‐the‐art SPE based on LiTFSI/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The SPE containing the developed (difluoromethanesulfonyl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiDFFSI) salt presented reduced interfacial resistance and improved compatibility with the lithium metal (LiM) anode compared with LiTFSI/PEO, enabled by the formation of a stable, uniform, and ionically conductive solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI). In addition, LiDFFSI‐based SPEs demonstrated a prolonged cycling stability, achieving over 125 cycles at C/10 with minimal capacity fading in LiM||LiFePO 4 cell configuration. These findings evidence how a rational design of the lithium salt chemistry allows tuning the formed SEI, directly impacting the overall SPE performance. Thus, LiDFFSI is presented as a promising alternative lithium salt to improve electrochemical performance and interfacial stability in next‐generation LiM batteries.

Energy & environment materialsVol. 9(2)
University of the Basque Country (ES), Polymat (ES), CIC energiGUNE (ES), Donostia International Physics Center (ES)
European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Openalex Percentile: Top 23%
Advancements in Battery Materials
0.73
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