Comparison of Human and Artificial Intelligence ( <scp>AI</scp> ) in Writing and Rating Restorative Dentistry Essays
Gemini's scores closely matched those of human-authored essays, aligning more with human raters than ChatGPT-4. AI's capacity emulated human writing, though differences are noticeable to trained faculty members. There are evident disparities in content quality and organisation between AI- and human-authored work.
Authors
- Afnan O. Al‐Zain (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-8387)
- Ahmed Alamoudi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-5324)
- Eman H. Ismail (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-798X)
- Bashair Alansari
- Abdulrahman A. Alghamdi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-7040)
- Heba El‐Deeb
Institutions
- Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (SA)
- Cairo University (EG)
- King Abdulaziz University (SA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal Of Dental Education
- Published
- 2025-09-25
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.70051
- Primary Topic
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00