Unveiling the antimicrobial potential of benzimidazole derivatives: A comprehensive review

Benzimidazole is an important heterocyclic nucleus widely explored for antimicrobial drug development. A broad range of benzimidazole derivatives have demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, with several showing promising effects against resistant strains. In addition, many derivatives possess notable antifungal potential, being active against clinically important species such as Candida and Aspergillus. Benzimidazole-based compounds have also been reported to exhibit antiparasitic activity, particularly against protozoa and helminths. Owing to their structural versatility and wide spectrum of biological activity, benzimidazole derivatives continue to attract attention as potential leads for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. This review highlights classical and recent advances in the antimicrobial applications of benzimidazole derivatives with emphasis on their potential therapeutic significance.