Optimal Growth Strategies for Sustainable Cultivation of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae for the Application of Bioenergy: A Review

Chlorella vulgaris, a green microalga, is attracting significant attention for its uses in food production, biofuel production, and environmental sustainability due to its high nutritional value and high growth rate. The current review discusses ideal methods for the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in an eco-friendly manner and also explores optimal growth strategies for cultivating C. vulgaris with a focus on maximizing bioenergy. Key factors affecting its growth, including the provision of light, nutrient content, temperature, and pH levels, are discussed in relation to biomass productivity and biochemical composition. Different cultivation methods, such as open pond cultivation and closed photobioreactors, are discussed in terms of efficiency and ecological implications. Contamination and high cost are discussed as challenges, alongside suggested solutions such as using nutrient media as a nutrient source. Through synthesis of existing studies, the article attempts to provide easy and practical recommendations to researchers and agriculturalists who are interested in the sustainable cultivation of microalgae for the production of bioresources.