“It Is Vital That We Should Not Keep It to Ourselves”: The Rats of Tobruk Association and the Siege of Tobruk in Australian National Memory

The siege of Tobruk is one of the most well‐known Australian actions of the Second World War, enjoying special attention on Anzac Day. Its elevation within Australian national memory is by no means accidental. Rather, it is the result of decades of lobbying by the Rats of Tobruk Association (ROTA), which positioned veterans of the siege as the successors to Anzac and fought to ensure the siege was not forgotten by subsequent generations. In charting ROTA's lobbying efforts after the war, this article argues that while ROTA's successful campaign for a national memorial in Canberra ensured Tobruk's place in the national commemorative landscape, the association's development of relationships with schools across Australia has ensured the posterity of the siege in Australian popular memory at an individual level. On the other hand, ROTA's failed attempts to secure a dedicated National Day of Commemoration for the siege and legal protection for the word “Tobruk” demonstrate the dominance of Anzac within the Australian psyche, which influenced government decisions on these matters. Finally, it highlights the potential for conflict between veterans' organisations, whose interests do not always align and raise questions about which groups should determine how events are remembered.