Maternity Prognosis Cesarean Fetal in Teenage Girls over a Decade at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes (Mali)

Introduction: WHO considers adolescence to be the period of human growth and development between childhood and adulthood (10 to 19 years). Caesarean section is a surgical procedure that involves removing the fetus by the upper route after opening the pregnant uterus. The objective of this work was to study the maternal-fetal prognosis of caesarean section in adolescent girls over a decade at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study spanning 10 years from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2023. This study included all adolescent girls admitted to the delivery room for delivery who had undergone a cesarean section. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. Statistical data processing and analysis were carried out using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Over a decade, out of a total of 41,825 women delivered in the department, we performed 7,160 caesareans, a frequency of 17.12%, including 1,110 among adolescents, a frequency of 15.50% compared to the total number of caesareans performed. The age group between 16 and 19 years was the majority, i.e. 92.98%. Housewives represented 91.35%. 54.86% of parturients who underwent caesarean surgery had between 1 and 3 CPN; 17.84% did not have prenatal follow-up. The majority of caesareans were performed in the active phase of labor, i.e. 57.03%. Eclampsia is the most common indication, i.e. a frequency of 23.51%. Emergency cesareans accounted for 8%, and 92% were prophylactic cesareans. Intraoperative complications accounted for 8.5% of cases. The majority of our complications were septicemic, i.e. 50%. We recorded 22 cases of maternal death (12 eclampsia, 10 HRP), i.e. 1.9%. 68.3% of newborns had an Apgar score > 7. Conclusion: Caesarean section in adolescents has become an effective intervention to save the life of the fetus and the mother in difficult situations, which is why its frequency continues to increase.