Seroprevalence & Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infections in North India: A Hospital Based Study

Background: Hepatitis C is a global health problem affecting a significant portion of the world’s population. Published data in North India on epidemiology, prevalence and risk factors is very limited. This study was carried out to estimate the seroprevalence, associated demographic factors influencing transmission and distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a hospital-based population in Punjab. Methods: A total of 16920 serum samples were tested for anti HCV antibodies using commercially available kits, from August 2021 to August 2023. The study highlighted on different epidemiological aspects such as age groups, sexes, likely mode of transmission and probable cause for undergoing screening procedures Results: The seroprevalence for anti-HCV-Ab was found to be 1.6%. Multiple blood transfusions, hemodialysis & IV drug abuse were significant risk factors. Sero-prevalence rate of HCV infection was significantly more prevalent (77 %) in male patients. IgM anti HCV reactivity was highest (42%) in age group of 20-40 years Conclusions: The study findings, including the overall prevalence of HCV infection, associated risk factors and demographic characteristics, can guide prevention and control efforts against Hepatitis C .The need of the hour is to increase awareness about HCV among the public and practicing physicians