Beamforming for beam-squint effect mitigation in LEO satellite communication systems

This paper proposes an efficient beamforming technique to mitigate the beam squint effect in wideband low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. Based on the dynamic-subarray with fixed-true-time-delays (DS-FTTD) architecture, the proposed method optimizes the beamforming structure for multi-user transmission using statistical channel state information (CSI). Unlike the original DS-FTTD design, which assumes point-to-point communication and relies on instantaneous CSI, the proposed scheme is tailored for the practical constraints of LEO systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly improves beamforming gain and system throughput compared to conventional methods.