POLYPHENOLS OF PINUS NIGRA

The process of isolating polyphenols from plant materials includes several stages: raw material extraction, extract treatment with organic solvents, evaporation, precipitation of the sum of polyphenols, purification. Increasing the efficiency of raw material use is achieved mainly at the first stage - extraction. The yield of the sum of polyphenols was studied depending on: the composition of the extractant, the extraction module, the extraction frequency, the ratio of raw materials to the extractant, temperature, thickening conditions, treatment of the aqueous residue with organic solvents, the conditions of precipitation of the sum of polyphenols and their drying. As a result, the optimal conditions for the extraction of polyphenols from plant materials were selected, and the found condition obtained the sum of Pinus nigra polyphenols with a yield of 3.7%. The chemical composition of Pinus nigra cones was studied using physicochemical research methods. It was revealed that the cones contain polyphenols belonging to the class of flavonols and flavan-3-ols. Polyphenols were identified by HPLC-MS. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that Pinus nigra cones can be used as promising sources for the purpose of obtaining a complex of biologically active substances, such as сatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, isoquercetin, procyanidin.