3D Modelling for Borneo Cultures Museum: UAV Photogrammetry

Three-dimensional (3D) modelling can be reconstructed using various methods such as terrestrial laser scanning and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry.However, limited studies have compared the performance of different UAV photogrammetry software in modelling buildings at varying flight altitudes, especially regarding accuracy and visual quality.This study evaluates UAV photogrammetry for 3D modelling of the Borneo Cultures Museum in Kuching, Sarawak.Images were captured using a DJI Phantom 4 drone with the point of interest (POI) technique at two flight altitudes, 50 m and 60 m.Ground control points (GCPs) were placed using GNSS observations, while verification points (VPs) were collected with a total station.The 3D models were reconstructed using Agisoft Metashape and ContextCapture software.Although ContextCapture produced visually better 3D models despite incomplete coverage, Agisoft Metashape delivered higher geometric accuracy with lower RMSE values.At 50 m, the RMSE for Agisoft and ContextCapture was 0.047 m and 0.090 m, respectively; at 60 m, it was 0.045 m and 0.065 m.These findings suggest that while ContextCapture excels in visual output, Agisoft Metashape is more precise, highlighting the trade-off between model quality and measurement accuracy in