ФІНАНСУВАННЯ НА УМОВАХ КОНЦЕСІЇ: СУЧАСНІ РЕАЛІЇ

The article reveals the essence and main features of the concession mechanism. The concession form has acquired new significance, paving the way for the implementation of infrastructure projects, strategic and social facilities in various sectors of the economy. The main prerequisites that contribute to the use of concession relations are identified. It is substantiated that the mechanism of using the concession form illustrates its significant advantages and benefits. The mechanism of concession activities is characterized, which is based on the principles of transparency, openness, monitoring, and risk allocation. It is multi-level and phased, involving the conclusion of a concession agreement under which a private partner invests in the construction, reconstruction, modernization, or operation of a facility. Concession financing can take various forms and be provided through a combination of different sources: investment, international and domestic lending, project and self-financing, state/local financing, and mixed financing. It has been found that the process of financing concession projects is a complex and multi-level process that depends on the type of project, the size of the investment, implementation period, risks involved, legislative framework, state policy, and investor interest.