E-HRM framework for sustainable performance in higher education

Integrating digital technology into human resource management (HRM) enhances sustainable performance in higher education and presents challenges to well-being and organizational culture. This study examines the strategic role of E-HRM, mediated by green digital culture (GDC) and moderated by green transformational leadership (GTL) in Indonesian private universities. A survey was conducted using questionnaires distributed to 480 randomly selected academic and administrative staff. Data analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms that E-HRM significantly impacts sustainable performance directly and through GDC, while GTL strengthens this relationship by driving strategic change. The study positions E-HRM as both an administrative tool and a strategic enabler of sustainability. The theoretical contributions highlight the synergy between E-HRM, GTL, and GDC in fostering sustainability. At the same time, the practical implications emphasize the need for strong leadership and a digital culture to maximize E-HRM’s benefits. This includes enhancing efficiency, communication, and resource optimization while mitigating risks to well-being. This study provides new insights into how E-HRM can serve as a strategic tool for enhancing sustainable performance in higher education, with GDC driving cultural transformation and GTL reinforcing its effectiveness. By developing a framework for E-HRM in sustainable performance, this study advances the understanding of sustainability-driven digital transformation in higher education.