Object Model of Scientific Activity

The object model of scientific activity defines the structure of a tree of scientific disciplines and a set of scientific projects with a focus on solving the problem of effective science management. The construction of the model is based on the methodology of automata-based programming, requirements engineering and formal methods for modelling complex systems. Verification of the model in relation to real scientific activity has allowed to detect the principal drawbacks of the organization of modern scientific activity, in particular, the existing practice of conducting a low-quality expertise of scientific projects. In accordance with the principle of maximum competence, the best assessment of a scientific project can be given by the elite – specialists of maximum qualification in the discipline of the project being assessed. The elite is part of a community (association) of specialists for whom this discipline is a core one. The association unites specialists from different scientific organizations in different cities. The movement towards a new organization of scientific activity may occur on an initiative basis. Groups of leaders who have realized the benefits of the new organization will try to jointly create an association in their discipline or perhaps only within a certain discipline topic. One incentive is to build a quality portfolio of research projects in their discipline to increase the chances of customer support for projects. This is achieved by cross-examination of all relevant projects, both new and existing: each specialist of the association evaluates the projects of his/her colleagues. It is advisable to hold collective discussions of the results of the expertise, during which they are clarified and, in principle, can be challenged. It is necessary to finally eradicate the entrenched practice of the tyranny of neglect – each project should be examined by qualified experts. Another goal of the association is to perform a collective analysis of the prospects for further development ofthe scientific discipline. The association becomes an autonomous self-governing organization. It selects the elite for a competent evaluation of projects and formation of a portfolio of scientific projects for customers.