A Study to Compare the Effect of Myofascial Release Technique and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Iliopsoas and Hamstring Tightness among Young Adult Population

Background: Hamstring and iliopsoas tightness are common musculoskeletal issues in young adults, often resulting from sedentary lifestyles and postural imbalances. Limited flexibility in these muscle groups can lead to functional limitations, discomfort, and increased risk of injury. This study aims to compare the effects of Myofascial Release (MFR) and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) techniques on reducing tightness in the hamstring and iliopsoas muscles. Purpose: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of MFR and PNF Contract-Relax techniques in improving hamstring and iliopsoas flexibility among young adults, using the Active Knee Extension Test (AKET) and Modified Thomas Test as outcome measures. Methodology: A total of 45 young adults aged 18?25 years with clinically measured hamstring and iliopsoas tightness were randomly allocated into three groups (n=15 per group): Group A (control ? moist heat and active stretching), Group B (MFR), and Group C (PNF Contract-Relax technique). Interventions were administered five days a week for two weeks. Pre- and post-intervention flexibility was assessed using AKET and Modified Thomas Test. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests. Results: All three groups showed statistically significant within-group improvements (p < 0.05). Between-group analysis revealed that Group C (PNF) demonstrated the greatest improvement in both AKET and Modified Thomas Test values, followed by Group B (MFR), with Group A showing the least improvement. Post hoc tests confirmed significant differences between Group C and Group A (p < 0.01), while the difference between Group B and C was not statistically significant but favored PNF in mean values. Conclusion: Both Myofascial Release and PNF techniques are effective in reducing hamstring and iliopsoas tightness in young adults. However, the PNF Contract-Relax technique showed slightly superior outcomes, likely due to its neuromuscular inhibition mechanisms and active muscle engagement. These findings support the use of both techniques in clinical practice, with PNF being especially beneficial when rapid functional flexibility gains are desired.